America and Homicide Essay - 1534 Words

America and Homicide The United States has been a world leader in homicide for centuries. Indeed, â€Å"since the early 19th century ...[America has been] the most homicidal country in the Western world† and holds that title today (Kelley, 2009). In a 2007-2008 list of 31 nations, only two nations, Mexico and Chile, had higher homicide rates (Comparison, 2010). Nations with higher populations, such as India and China have fewer homicides (Comparison, 2010). Further, a nation such as Japan, which has a lower population but a higher population density then the United States, has one of the world’s lowest homicide rates (Comparison, 2010). Population size and density, therefore, cannot be the chief reasons for this nation’s higher homicide rates.†¦show more content†¦Indeed, the American love of criminals always seems connected to this feeling. Americans champion criminals if the can view their actions as an attempt to stab back at those they blame for their misfortunes (such a s â€Å"robbing from the rich† or â€Å"killing dangerous people’) as a benefit to society. For example, John Dillinger’s bank robberies during depression era foreclosures satisfied the anger many Americans had against the rich banks who were taking their homes (Esposito, 2009). This may be the reason why many view certain criminals who take from the wealthy or who take action against government or political rulers as folk heroes – because they fulfill all public dreams of getting even, settling the score, and making things fair. Indeed, this is what may have driven Jared Lee Loughner to shoot Gabrielle Giffords. This point of view is seen today in gang members’ need to defend their honor by killing each other when members of other gangs â€Å"enter their turf† as it is in the murder of abortion doctors by Christian extremists who believe God is on their side because murder is wrong. Gun Laws American culture, of course, is also a reason why America is one of the few industrialized nations in the world where gun ownership is a civil right. Indeed, the lowest gun ownership rate in the world, 2%, belongs to the Netherlands and the highest, 49.1%, belongs to the United StatesShow MoreRelatedThe Same American Phenomenon Of High Homicide Rates1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America has one of the highest rates of Homicide in the developed world, though most people tend to agree that Russia’s homicide rate are higher, the question remains as to why. The following essay will look at three different perspectives of the same American phenomenon of high homicide rates. All three pieces state that homicide rates are uniquely high in the United States, this is in stark contrast to other like developed nations such as France, Germany, and The United KingdomRead MoreGun Control Of The United States1501 Words   |  7 Pagesof a firearm remains, the purpose of to killing people. The government in America has created laws for the use of guns, but not all people follow them. Gun ownership is the most basic American right and also one of the most contentious social and political issues of now a days. There are almost 300 million of private-owned firearms in the US, in this nation there is almost one gun for every man, woman and child in America. The third part of America’s the population owned at least one gun. Many ofRead MoreGuns : Danger Or Protection1593 Words   |  7 Pagesof a firearm remains, the purpose of to killing people. The government in America has created laws for the use of guns, but not all people follow them. Gun ownership is the most basic American right and also one of the most contentious social and political issues of now a days. There are almost 300 million of private-owned firearms in the US, in this nation there is almost one gun for every man, woman and child in America. The third part of America’s the population owned at least one gun. Many ofRead MoreThe Role Of Homicide Rates And A Variation Of Studies985 Words   |  4 PagesWritten Article Review on Homicide in Chile: Trends 2000 - 2012 I. NAME. Cole J. Leaf II. CLASS. Introduction to Justice A110 ? Monday and Wednesday 2:30-3:45 III. DATE. Wednesday, October 26, 2016 at 2:30 PM IV. ARTICLE CITATION Otzen, T., Sanhueza, A., Manterola, C., Melnik, T., Hetz, M. (2015, December/January). Homicide in Chile: Trends 2000 ? 2012. BMC Psychiatry. DOI:10.1186/s12888-015-0632-5 V. SUMMARY OF THE ARTICLE. This article is the breakdown of homicide rates and a variation ofRead MoreThe Problem With Gun Control Laws1479 Words   |  6 PagesOrozco 1 Berenia Orozco The problem with guns in America has been an ongoing issue for many years. According to statistics from the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, in 2010 alone there were about 31,076 deaths by gun and all were either homicides, suicides or unintentional shootings. 73,505 people were treated in the hospital for non fatal gunshot wounds in 2010 as well. Gun control laws are a benefit to America because they would help reduce gun deaths and other gun-related incidents allRead MoreGun Control Persuasive Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the most argued topic in America right now is probably the issue regarding gun control. Hundreds of years ago, our Founding Fathers probably created the second amendment in order to give us the citizen the right to protect our own safety, but who would have thought that right has led to many heartbroken incidents, where numerous innocent people died as a result of a bad guy owning a gun. Along with most of us today, we still consider that the seco nd amendment in the Bill of Rights guaranteesRead MoreGun Violence Essay1156 Words   |  5 Pageshave access to a gun?. America has the highest number of gun violence between all the developed countries. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that on an average day, 93 Americans are killed with guns. Mass shootings and homicides, that happen quite often at recent times, are a big part of gun problems in the US. While Canada is bigger country than the US, but according to UN data, the US has almost six times more gun homicide than Canada. The US also hasRead MoreThe Blame Game Analyzing Gun Violence in America1720 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In 1993, there were more than 18,000 firearm homicides in America. That number has been decreasing for the past two decades. In 2011, the reported number of firearm homicides was a little more than 11,000. In another part of the world, Germany was reported to have less than 200 firearm homicides, France less than 50. It is also estimated that there are around 270 million guns in America. This paper examines the possibility that if the American government put into place gun regulationRead MoreWhy Guns Should Not Have Regulation875 Words   |  4 Pagesto affect those that already existed (Lysy 2013). An outright ban on all guns and other weaponry for non-military use, both new and already present, needs to enact in America as the current laws are excessively lax and also contribute to an abnormally high gun-related homicide rate. A comparison between the gun laws between America and any other of the modern countries leaves a startling contrast. Contrary to the belief that most shootings occur where guns bans are in effect, all but four US statesRead More Gun Control Control Laws Decrease Crime Essay540 Words   |  3 Pagesowners is necessary because of the homicide rate involving guns and the violence by criminals using guns. Many people feel that gun control violates the right of the people given in the second amendment the right quot;to bear armsquot;. Opponents of gun control, including the National Rifle Association, better known as the NRA, argue that the quot;right To bear armsquot; is guaranteed in the second amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America and licensing restrictions penalize

A time when I felt isolated or lonely Free Essays

â€Å"Wow! A three days survival camp without a leader or teacher. Cool! Mum, can I join this camp?† I asked my mum eagerly. My mum, who was observing the book section, turned around and looked at the poster, â€Å"This?† â€Å"Yes,† I explained, â€Å"It’s a three days hiking camp. We will write a custom essay sample on A time when I felt isolated or lonely or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will hike with another two people from an over-sea scout team.† She examined the advertisement for a moment and said, â€Å"But there aren’t any teachers following you.† â€Å"That’s why I’m so keen to join this camp,† I exclaimed ardently. â€Å"This is the time when I can really use the skills I learnt in the past two months, surviving in the wild. And if I really have problems, I’m sure my amiable team mates can help me.† My mum studied the poster for a few more moments and finally said, â€Å"Well, if you’re so willing to join this survival camp, I will let you.† I kept on telling my parents how happy I was like a parrot at dinner time, but my dad’s facial expression stopped me from repeating. He had a small encouraging smile on his face, which looked pretty normal, however when I looked deep into his eyes, I could see that he’s worried. â€Å"What’s the matter, dad?† â€Å"Umm†¦nothing much. It’s just that I had a dog’s life the last time I had a survival camp, but I’m sure the one you joined is much better. Hope you have fun,† my dad hesitated strangely. I stared at him for a few seconds, figuring what’s that statement about. Slowly and uneasily, I replied, â€Å"Course I will.† The field day was a warm sunny day that you could get plenty of wind, perfect for hiking. When I arrived to the starting point, the team leader approached to me and informed me about my team mates who are both French but speak fluent English. Around five minutes later, two teenagers were heading to this direction. They both wore the scout suits but I was more interested on their badges. From what I could see, they had at least three rock climbing prizes, which show that they are brilliant at climbing. The team leader went to them and said, â€Å"I assume you are Dominic (pointing at the taller one) and this is John (point at the fatter one),† they both nodded, â€Å"and this is your team mate Kelvin.† I put out a hand for shaking, but they just stared at me like a foreigner. The leader ignored their reaction, and continued on his speech, â€Å"Before you guys set off, I want to ask you a question, have you got your map with you? (We all nodded), good, do you know where you’re going? (We all nodded), good, then I will leave and you may start now. Good luck.† During the next hour, I tried lots of ways to make friends with them but they just didn’t respond and what annoyed me the most is their language. I remembered very clearly that they both spoke fluent English, but what I heard is French, pure French. They chatted to each other and laughed very often while I walked on my own. I tried to calm my anger by enjoying the view, but everytime I felt better, they laughed loudly and exclaimed a phrase in French. I just couldn’t stand it anymore. I stomped to their side and asked, â€Å"Don’t you guys speak English? I’m also your team mate and I don’t understand one damn word you’re saying. Can you please switch your channel to English and show me some team spirit?† Dominic and John gazed at me for a few seconds like I was a stranger who just interrupted their great conversation, then they went back to their talk. After another fifteen minutes, they started scowling at me, spoke a few sentences to each other, and started smirking. The smirk made me saw the handwriting on the wall but the only thing I could do was to be more careful. I kept observing them to find out what they’re playing at but there’s nothing wrong for an hour, so I stopped the observation and went back to luxuriate the view. All of a sudden, I heard a loud shivery scream from Dom then I descried a furry gigantic animal being thrown at me out of the blue. An animal I fear the most, spider. I quickly dodged away and screamed as loud as I could. Then, under my shriek, I could hear two people laughing; Dom and John were guffawing their head off. John said breathlessly, â€Å"Do you see how scared he is? That’s the loudest scream I ever heard.† Dom nodded, went to the spider and picked it up. Was it my illusion or what? Did I just heard a language that I understand? And how came the spider didn’t struggle when Dom picked it up? I thought of a second then everything just came together at once. It’s true that they spoke English and I had just been tricked. The spider is fake! I looked at them disgustedly, rushing past them as quickly as I can. Their unbearable action just made me detest them more and didn’t even want to look at them. For the rest of the day, I walked in front of them without saying a word or trying to revenge. I decided not to disturb them and desired they would not irritate me, but this never happened. They kept on insulting me on everything I do. I tried to sing quietly to relax, and they cried stop and emphasised what a bad voice I had. I wished to rest for a moment, and â€Å"suck† was the reply. I walked wearily until evening when they wanted to stop and started setting up the tent. The tent was quite big and needed at least three people to set it up, so even though Dom and John wanted me to do all the work, they helped. They got in first and blocked the entrance with their back-pack. â€Å"No filthy Chinks allow in this clean tent,† John yelled. I stood there, looking blankly at the tent, and then a wave of anger filled me like a tsunami. I kicked the tent fiercely and tried to turn it over, but this action didn’t last long, John whirled out and grabbed me by my collar. â€Å"You’re not welcome in this tent, you Chink,† John shouted and threw me to the ground. I stared up at him, terrified as he thumped back into the tent. I got up slowly, examined the environment, trying to find a place without too many rocks. After lots of effort, I found a place with little amount of rocks near to the tent, I put my mat on it and lied down. Though there’s a mat, I could still feel the hardness of the floor, and the tiny sharp stones stinging my back. Small ants crawled on my right leg and bite, but I was too exhausted to scratch them. I looked at the dark blue sky, thinking about the horrible day I had just experienced, then my dad’s word faded into my mind, â€Å"†¦I have a dog’s life the last time I join a survival camp†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Although today was not as bad as a dog’s life, it’s not better. â€Å"I should listen to dad, he’s always right. I wonder what he is doing now; maybe he’s watching TV with mum†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I thought of the cosy bed in my room that doesn’t has any insects in it. I thought of my friends who respect me and never leave me alone. When I thought of my buddies, I could feel tears cascaded down my face. My friends and team mates were like angels and devils; two kind of extreme creatures. I kept on thinking of the good I had with my companions; how we laughed at each others’ jokes and helped each other out, and slowly I dozed off with a smile on my face. Next morning, I walked in front of them as usual, staying quiet. Not for long, we arrived to a slope narrow rock wall. The wall is similar to every wall you can see in the wild but this one have a rope hanging from the top. â€Å"This must be the string to tie up my safety lock,† I thought as I open my back-pack and found the lock. Dom looked down his nose at me and teased, â€Å"You suck at everything. Why do we need a safety lock for a short wall?† I ignored him, and continued to find the lock. Dom and John jumped on the wall and started climbing. Five seconds later, I heard a shriek of help above me. I quickly looked up and the sight stunned me. About five metres up the mountain, John was trying to make a big leap. Unluckily, he missed for only a few inches, so he tried to clutch on something, but fail. Everything seemed to happen so quickly, he fell on the ground, hand first, then blood started dripping from his hand and knee. Dom slowly got to the floor and looked at his injury but did nothing about it. â€Å"Don’t you know how to do first aid?† I questioned. They looked at each other shamefully and shook their head. I really wanted to laugh at them but I knew I should not. They didn’t show me respect but that didn’t mean I needed to do the same thing to them. I took out my bandage from my first aid box and wrapped it around John’s injury arm. I also took out a bottle of ethanol and washed the wound with it. After first aiding, my team mates both looked at me thankfully, â€Å"Thank you†¦um†¦a†¦sorry about what happened yesterday. W†¦we don’t mean it.† I put out a hand and say, â€Å"so can we be friends now?† They nodded and shook my hand. From then on, I didn’t hear a single insulting word or French from them, and the rest of the journey continued to be remarkable, in a good way. How to cite A time when I felt isolated or lonely, Essays

Contemporary Computing Management

Question: Contemporary computing can be seen as an assemblage. Discuss. To achieve this: Select TWO computing stories from the Live News exercise you fulfil in each weeks tutorial. Using Actor Network Theory as your primary tool for analysis, at a minimum: Describe the scales on which the actants in your stories act in the assemblage Discuss how these actions can enhance management functions Outline what issues/questions these actions raise. To achieve this, compare and contrast the viewpoints of a range of theorists and critics explored throughout the module. Conclude by summarising how your answers relate to the statement Contemporary computing can be seen as an assemblage. Answer: Introduction When we set out to explore the technologies which support citizen science, which is a method of enquiring which leverages the power of the crowds in order to collect as well as analyse scientific data's (Anon, 2015). The evaluation of these technologies as system assemblages, can be said to functionalities which are inter related as it supports the activities that are in pursuit of overall goals. The idea about assemblages helps us to understand the ways of compromising different platforms of citizen science with the help of wide varieties of functionality, but still they will be able to support similar kind of goals and aims. The concepts of build vs. shy are also introduced in this report as well as how different form of functionality for citizen science like science vs. support for the human actors as well as the web motivators and satisfiers which results in successful project outcomes. The term known as citizen science has been used to describe the collaborations in research which enables the non-scientific members from the general public who assist in the scientific investigations. They are also sometimes referred to as the science of crowd sourced (Anon, 2015). The projects related to the citizen science also include for examples which the participants have asked in order to classify the photographs of galaxies which have been captured by the space telescopes which are a source of sighting data for the ornithological research, or the observation of the sunflower plants to be pollinated by the bees during varying times of a day. Although their systematic extents of review and research questions differ extensively, these developments increasingly have a shared attitude to facts assortment for a huge numbers of entities are requested to present opinions or scrutinises via internet or mobile-oriented equipment (Anon, 2015). The exploration of the system assemblages of multiple number of citizen science projects over a comparative case study approach. On behalf of for each case study, the evaluation of the assemblage in relations of its general structure, build vs. buy decision-making, and its impact on technical objectives, applicant sustenance, inspiration, and gratification. Technology Of Assemblage Some of the initial characteristics of the analysis in this report is the consideration of the technological advancement of computers which has been enabled for the support of the project of citizen science as an assemblage of diverse loosely coupled systems which are rather singular systems. One can conclude from the approach of king towards computer technology scrutinization which is also known as the models of web. The web models accepts the computer system as the assemblage of various kinds of techniques, equipment's and applications which are known to be as the information processing capability (Anon, 2015). The approach has been distinguished from the models which have been created by the engineers or any discrete entity analysis, the main emphasis of which is the information processing and the equipment size capability. Human Actant Maximum citizen science projects influence numerous know-hows to sustenance numerous functional criteria, relatively arranging solitary, autonomous schemes, citizen science projects exist further to select as of numerous characteristics. Lone venture could select to embrace a web medium to maintain applicant association, whereas one more may interpret this function as redundant. Projects established by unpaid helper, unskilled workforce possibly will be liable to the abilities of the helper, have more partial or not as much of consistent statistics assortment device (Anon, 2015). Since of this societal character of citizen science, several of the character that forms a citizen science assemblage take about consultation protagonist. An opportunity improves communiqu among contributors and venture experts, subject folios deliver evidence or normalise drill, blogs as well as news influence out to contributors, and interaction forms permit participants to report affiliates of the project team. Even data collection utilities give participants a standardized avenue for communicating the work they have completed (Anon, 2015). Because most individuals' first encounter with a citizen science project is through its online presence, the citizen science assemblage also has a key role to play in motivating participation Use Of The Actor Network Theory (Ant) To Tackle The Complexity The use of ANT has proven to be useful in order to capture the actors which are involved in the development of citizen science assemblages for a number of motives. The first thing is to focus on the actor networks as the fundamental building block for the development of the citizen science website features (Anon, 2015). Sustaining descriptions are individuals whose non-appearance will reason a contributor to know-how discontent with a website though inspiring qualities are those which enhance inspirational worth to a website. The ANT expects Participants imagine websites to uphold a definite degree of attribute, and ample diminution of that feature will trigger discontent. At the same time, the inspiration to practise and return to a website derives on or after a hypothetically diverse set of characteristics. Motivating features include reasoning consequences such as acquiring latest comprehension or abilities, the joy of investigating a site, the incidence of interactive program, in tensity of contest, the proficiency to device collaboration, and the incidence of striking illustrations (Anon, 2015). The ANT helps in the facilitation of the formative assessments in order to study the game play of the multiple certainties while they recognize the consequences of the co-existence of the realities in the actor networks while challenging expectedness of the out-dated cumulative of the outcome focused on the fundamental methods. Role Of The Ant In Solving The Complexity EBIRD EBird is the co-operative venture of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology and National Audubon Society. The aforementioned is a citizen science project that involves a world-wide association of ornithologists to give in to their surveillances via web-based tools (Anon, 2015). The system assemblage perspective can be applied to eBird at a variety of levels. For example, several projects are supported by eBird's Oracle database, forming a suite of related projects that can be thought of as one large system assemblage. Some challenges can now be approached through the hybrid network that has been identified through this research. For example, operating standard CMS software consents for affluent supervision of certain rudimentary subject matter, emancipating designer stretch for more intricate encounters in database policy, data collection, and delivering criticism to contestants (Anon, 2015). In general, eBird has approved the policy that undeveloped functionality can be off the shelf, where as additional progressive apparatuses should be custom. The Great Sunflower Project The Great Sunflower Project, is a citizen science project to gather data on bee pollination facility all over the United States. Participants in this venture practise a Drupal founded the website to acquiesce data about sunflower gardens that they have recognized, as well as the frequency of bees, stop at Sunflowers in a given a point of time. The Great Sunflower Project embraced a buy temperament and recycled the open source CMS Drupal to organise a venture at a minor price (Anon, 2015). The developer for the Great Sunflower Project was extremely sympathetic to open-source, CMS-based development. Citizen science projects have scientific aims which must be maintained over technology. At the same time, these objectives can turn into subservient to a diversity of reasons, including project resources and the need for actors. A badly amalgamated assemblage that is arduous to use or has technical troubles will likely nose-dive no matter how inspiring certain of its workings are (Anon, 2015). Enticing participants to a project, only to have them grow unhappy and leave, provides little benefit to the project or the participants and does nothing to serve science goals. Questionaire What are the factors which influence assemblage for citizen science project? What do typical system assemblage for citizen science look like? What are the effects of the composition of the assemblages on the scientific goals? What are the implications of design on the perspective of assemblage on citizen science technologies? What kind of factors affect the composition of the citizen science? What effect does the assemblage of citizen science have on scientific goals, satisfaction, motivation and participant support? What are the implications of design on the system assemblage perspective on the citizen science technologies? References Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://crowston.syr.edu/system/files/citizensciencesystemassemblage.pdf [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.227.9038 [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.livingknowledge.org/.../wp.../Brodersen-Network-Alliances.pdf [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://povesham.files.wordpress.com/.../haklaycrowdsourcinggeographi... [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://vision.cornell.edu/se3/.../Horn_Building_a_Bird_2015_CVPR_paper.pdf [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://reports-archive.adm.cs.cmu.edu/anon/hcii/CMU-HCII-14-109.pdf [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.12254/pdf [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Culturemachine.net, (2015). [online] Available at: https://culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/download/440/470 [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Dwrl.utexas.edu, (2015).Describing Assemblages: Genre Sets, Systems, Repertoires, and Ecologies | Welcome to the DWRL. [online] Available at: https://www.dwrl.utexas.edu/content/describing-assemblages [Accessed 10 Aug. 2015]. Prestopnik, N. and Crowston, K. (2012). Citizen science system assemblages.Proceedings of the 2012 iConference on - iConference '12.

Shakespeare - Man Or Myth Essays - William Shakespeare,

Shakespeare - Man or Myth? Was the man we know as Shakespeare really the author ofthe "Shakespearean Works"? We know little about the man called Shakespeare, Did he really write the plays, or is he just a man that got confused within history? (Sobran 44) There is not even a correct spelling of this mans name, Some of the spellings include Shakspere, Shakespeare, And Shaxpere. Shakespeare, Is it the man, Or is it another? (Hayes 1D) Shakespeare is both fact and fiction, he was no concern until nearly two hundred years after he perished, and there is still no definite or probably will there ever be a conclusion to this mystery. (Sobran 44) There is another man that can be attributed with the works of "Shakespeare", His name is Edward DeVere, the 17th Earl of Oxford. (Bethell 47) The man known as Shakespeare does not fit perfectly into the necessary criteria to determine the author of these works. Thomas Looney invented a series of criteria that had to be filled, in order to be a possible candidate for the authorship of the Shakespearean works. To have all the knowledge that is portrayed in the works, the author must have accomplished many things. These including a superior education, from what we know of "Shakespeare", this was not a possibility.(Bethell 46) We do not even know if Shakespeare has ever written anything in his life, Nor do we know that he was paid for writing these works. The man Shakespeare does not even make a claim that he is the author.(Bethell 50) He may not have been able to write the simplest thing of all, His own name.(Hayes 1D) Its not how little we know about Shakespeare that causes confusion and difficulty, Its the things that we do know about this man that cause the confusion and difficulty. We know Shakespears father, a glover, could not write. When he signed documents, he simply made an "X", This is why it is beleived that Shakespeare could not write also, Because he probably did not attend school therefore his education was passed down from his father. (Bethell 48) We do know much more about the man Edward DeVere. We know that because deVere was a nobleman, he could not have his name written upon his writings because he would be considered of a lower class. The plays contain a sense of hate towards some of the noblemen of that time period, which also point the authorship towards DeVere. (Hayes 1D) When DeVere was a young man, he spent a lot of time in Italy and Europe, This could explain the great detail used in the Shakespearean plays of Venice, and other European locations.(Sobran 45) The sonnets have never been able to fit into Shakespears life, On the other hand they fit into DeVere's life well. (Sobran 45) There are facts that lean both ways in this age old mystery of authorship, Though the Strafordian man does not fit into the story very well, He may have some advantages that the Oxfordian man may not. DeVere on the other hand, has mostly every fact pointing towards him as the valid author for the "Shakespearean" works, From his education, to his experiences, to his travel. The Oxfordian seems to come out on top. Shakespeare: Stratforidan, or DeVere?

A Case for the Death Penalty essays

A Case for the Death Penalty essays One does not have to like the death penalty in order to support it. We may not like the death penalty, but it must be available to punish crimes of murders, cases in which any other form of punishment would be inadequate. There are times when a crime is so bad that all of society, all who call themselves human, are repulsed. These are the times when the death penalty must be upheld, and enforced. There is no point in paying thousands of dollars to keep people alive who have multiple life sentences and no chance of parole. We are simply wasting our money and filling our prisons with people who need to receive the punishment that our courts doled out. We are constantly asking the voters to build new prisons, at a huge cost to society. Then we warehouse these people, side-by-side, with people who do have a chance of being rehabilitated. A lot of these people end up dead at the hands of these criminals. What part of this makes sense? We need to take responsibility for running our society and just do what the courts ask. No excuses! A human life deserves special protection, and one of the best ways to guarantee that protection is to assure each citizen that convicted will not be allowed to kill again. Some people argue that the death penalty is handed out in a discriminatory manner. But should we stop the government from pursuing justice based on perhaps one or two false, or unfortunate, cases. We should not throw out our laws just because of one situation. Others argue that the death penalty is simply state sanctioned murder. Many people in our country believe that capital punishment s not the answer to the problem of crime. They feel that it is cruel. Most other countries have repealed it as a form of punishment. In the United States, it is decided upon at the state level. W ...

COLLEGE PAPER WRITING for Grant Proposal

COLLEGE PAPER WRITING for Grant Proposal One of the services that our custom essay services company is able to offer is writing different types of papers including grant proposals. If you are determined to get a grant and you strongly believe that you deserve to have instant financial support, writing a good grant proposal is the first step. The grant proposal writing starts with an idea. Then you must find the funding sources and proceed with it. Our college paper writing will help you with that. The funding source can be an organization that is having leading positions on the market and is well managed. The organization will review your grant proposal request and determine whether there is clear understanding of its purpose. Where do you start with your grant proposal? First step is to define the project itself. Then write a concise mission statement that will determine your projects goals. Second is to determine the projects goals that are more broad. While you do that, concentrate on various objectives and write in step-by-step manner how these objectives will be focused on, worked on and achieved. For other grant proposal writing requests, use our professional team of writers who will help you with this assignment.

CASE 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CASE 2 - Coursework Example Common stocks are also investment made by stockholders and is recorded as par value. Retained earnings are the portion that a company keeps once dividends are paid to the preferred stockholders. Large corporations hold a considerable amount of retained earnings. Capital surplus defines values created from stocks issued at a premium over par value. Other stockholder equity shows cumulative gains or losses that cannot be recorded on the income statement (â€Å"Financial Statements†, n.d.). The concept outstanding share is contributed to common stocks. They are owned by public as well as by the company employees. A company calculates its market capitalization by multiplying outstanding shares by their current market price. From this perspective, companies do not have outstanding preferred stock shares. Preferred stocks have characteristics of common stock and a bond. They are traded separately from common stock at a different price. Like a bond, preferred stock has fixed rate payment. These stocks do not have voting right. Treasury shares are that share that once were outstanding shares, but later bought back by the company and decommissioned; they do not have voting rights and cannot claim dividend. Treasury share are created to boost up earning per share (EPS). This assignment uses Whole Foods Market from NASDAQ and General Electric Company from NYSE. Both companies report treasury shares but do not disclose the reason. Basic earnings per share (BEPS) implies the amount of a company’s profit that can be allocated to one stock. It is calculated using the formula, BEPS = (Net Income – Preferred dividends) / Weighted average number of common stock. Diluted EPS (DEPS) is calculated in those cases if a company possesses dilutive securities that can be converted into common stock. It is calculated using the formula, DEPS = {(Net income-Preferred dividend)/ Weighted average number of common stock – impact of convertible

Us History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Us History - Essay Example ritish forces had won the war but the repercussions of war were never good for the Americans as Sugar Act and various other steps were taken to crush the American natives. Thomas Paine had published pamphlets to stimulate revolt against the British rule due to ongoing situation and in response to the pamphlet Charles Inglis wrote arguments in favor of reconciliation with the Britain. â€Å"Declaring independence by the American was not favorable due to insufficiency of resources and it came up with many challenges. So in short term, reconciliation was the remaining workable option.† According to Charles Inglis (1776), after attainment of independence by the America would create huge economic challenges that it would not be able to meet without British support. Britain would support the American trade because of its widely developed naval force and seamen otherwise American trading ships would be at risk. Reconciliation would also bring peace that could result in demolishing war tax and promotion of trade. Many human lives had been lost and further turmoil would endanger several lives as well, hence peace could serve as the only possible solution (Oakes). During 1760s Jefferson, Hamilton, Paine and many other revolutionists were of view that independence from British rule could give due rights to common people and would cultivate egalitarianism. However Inglis was of view that turmoil and use of force would only be accelerated because of declaration of independence and unrest would never end the claims to vanish slavery. Further it would disunite the people of America and progress would be hindered while distribution of wealth would remain the same as it were in the British rule. Post revolution time revealed the fact that wealth distribution had not been changed as it was claimed by the revolutionists (Lecture Note: Post Revolution). Inglis was also of view that proved right with the passage of time that none of the European nation would like to trade with

Medical Billing and Coding Essay Example for Free

Medical Billing and Coding Essay Medical Billing and Coding (current student) 2013 Medical Administrative Assistant Diploma (GPA 3.34) 2012 Includes: Disease Processes, Surgical Procedures, Life Cycle of an Insurance Claim, Health Care Settings, Health Care Payers, Procedure and Diagnosis  Coding from Medical Records, Reimbursement Systems, Facility Billing, Word Processing and Medical Practice Management Systems. * Promoted a welcoming and safe learning environment for children, helping to develop a well-rounded and respected educational organization. * Assisted the school director in playing a key role in developing a diverse and enlightening curriculum in strict accordance with state mandates. * Communicated effectively with children, peers, parents and directors to ensure smooth operations and eliminate potential issues before they could negatively impact the school. Packer Express Personnel – Jamestown, NY2001 – 2002 Bush Industries – Jamestown, NY2001 – 2001 * Duties included: Packing, stocking and accurately completing labor tickets. * Load materials and products into package processing equipment tools. * Record product, packaging, and order information on specified forms and records. * Performed any combination of light cleaning duties to maintain the establishment. * Inspected for defects and recorded items packed.

Alcohol, Sex, and Violence in Catcher in the Rye :: Catcher Rye Essays

How Holden Deals With Alcohol, Sex, and Violence in Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D Salinger, depicts how a lonely teenager, Holden Caulfield, deals with alcohol, sex, and violence. Teenagers must also deal with these problems daily. Alcohol is very predominate throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye. Alcoholic beverages are a readily available, and relatively inexpensive for minors to get. Over the past couple of years, teenage consumption of alcohol has risen dramatically. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism states that more than 1.3 million teenagers have a drinking problem. The National Institute also reports that the reason for underage teenage drinking is they believe in a mixture of rebellion towards their parents and a sign of maturity. Another reason for teenage drinking is it represents a daring gesture. According to Dr. Joseph Franklin, "The way drinking starts is, one kid dares another kid to take a drink of alcohol, and the kid doesn't want his friends to think he is a coward so he does. Then the rest of them follow." In the book, Between Parent and Teenager, it states the substance abuse is the number one cause of death amongst teenagers. Studies show that among high school students age 14 - 17, 60% of the students use alcohol once a week, 75% use it at least once a month, and 85% have used it once in the year. In the novel, Holden Caulfield has very easy access to alcoholic beverages. Throughout the novel, it seems that every time Holden gets depressed, he turns towards alcohol. in Chapter 12, Holden is at Ernie's night club and he got served even though he was only a minor. In Chapter 20, Holden gets drunk. The way he acted when he was drunk shows how pathetic you are when you can not function properly. The next topic, sex, is a very common word nowadays. Sex is so common it is on television screens, blown up on billboards, and used for commercial enticement. It also seems that teenage men are purchasing cars and teenage girls are receiving more freedom from their parental figures. A couple years back,

Military Recruiters in Our High Schools Essay

Military recruiters should be allowed in our high schools despite the opinions of anti-war groups, counselors and teachers who are focused on keeping the military recruiter out of our schools. This report will reveal opinions of those opposed to military recruiting showing that they are more focused on the war concept and slandering the recruiter rather than assisting the students with a job, trade, financial responsibility and an education. An article written from the author Ayers (2006), states that program’s such as the Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps are helping the recruiting efforts with 40% of JROTC graduates joining the military. A clear insight of the Parent Teacher Student Association, in which some schools focus more on the war in Iraq than education or school functions according to an article written by Paton (2005), will show the opposing opinion of the recruiter and how the No Child Left Behind Act, to some, is an invasion of privacy promoted by the wars effort. Schools that do not follow this law will be in jeopardy of cutting the schools federal funding. With the research by Cupolo (2007), the article written shows the Opt Out, Opt In schematic, in which parents or students can deny the recruiter access to their information. At the base of the argument of whether recruiters should be allowed into high schools, remains the fact that the act of recruitment is strictly voluntary. The recruiters are not demanding an audience, nor are they requiring participation in the recruiting program. Should the Military be allowed to recruit in High Schools Recruiting in the high school arena has been a tool for the military recruiter to do his or her job effectively to complete the assigned mission. Certain jobs such as Administrative, Disbursing, Food Services, Computer Data Analysis, Motor Transportation, Aviation and Supply Administration are needed in the military to assist with day to day military operations, as well as continuing support of the war efforts. However, the individual recruiter is hindered by a lot more than just the student’s lack of knowledge, but the opinions of others, i. e. parents, teachers, whose lack knowledge of the opportunities that the military recruiter is providing for the students. In society today, our young adults are constantly pushed by counselors and teachers to go to college after graduating from high school. To some, the decision to go to college is not easy; depending on their race, location of living, financial stability or the student’s sense of character. According to an Ayers (2006) article, the JROTC program, which was credited to Colin Powell, head of the Joint Chief of Staff, tgives an individual discipline and structure; and has doubled it’s enrollment at over 3,000 schools. In addition to providing discipline and structure during the formative years, this program has been a useful tool for the military recruiter. Additionally, this program allows military recruiters to further focus their efforts for the students that are specifically interested in military service and those who may not be able to afford college. Herbert (2005) noted that all high schools are not equal to recruiters: â€Å"Schools with kids from wealthier families are not viewed as good prospects†. Further he stated â€Å"The kids in those schools are not the kids who fight America’s wars†. Those wealthier young adults have doors open to them that are not available to less privileged. The conversation of war presents itself again without giving the readers the knowledge of what the military recruiter has to offer. The Should the Military be allowed to recruit in High Schools deas of Herbert (2005) are also biased as was a Vietnam veteran who was drafted during the buildup of Vietnam. The No Child Left Behind Act requires that High Schools share student contact information with military recruiters so that the recruiters can provide information on military service. Schools that do not participate lose their federal funding. In an article written by Paton (2005), the Parent Teacher Student Association in Garfield High School has successfully blocked that sharing of student contact information with recruiters. The organization was started to assist students in activities and be a liaison for the parents to express their concerns to the teachers. In this instance they are using their platform for political sentiment not related to academia. Anti-war groups are pressing the Opt Out, Op In policy, Cupolo (2007), which keeps the student’s information private, unless the parents authorize its release to the military recruiters. To go into more depth, Paton (2005) research reported that a vote of 25 to 5 to adopt a resolution that says â€Å"public schools are not a place for military recruiters†. In Paton’s (2005) article, Steve Ludwig whose son is a senior and daughter is a freshman stated, â€Å"Garfield does not allow organizations that promote illegal activities to recruit students to perform those activities, nor does it allow organizations that discriminate on the basis of race, gender, national origin, or sexual orientation to recruit on campus. † The negativity of the PTA clearly limits the students’ options to speak to a recruiter or weigh his option to determine his furture; and instead speaks to the PTA’s antiwar senitment. War is not a number one factor for recruiting in high schools. Recruiters should be allowedto give students other options for the future. Teachers, counselors, need to focus more on a young adult’s future, rather than giving their opions and bias regarding the war. Targeting low income students or those of a particular race has no bearing on the recruiter; but setting the positive standards about the military and allowing students to make their own choices should be important to the parents and educators. The military recruiter should be accepted by parents as a means of financial independence and viable oppotrunity for their future. . Recruiters are meant to give pertinent information to both parents and students regarding the military. Should the Military be allowed to recruit in High Schools The military can provide Self-Reliance, Discipline, Financial Responsibility, Leadership and Job Security. Additionally the recruited young adult will feel that since of pride about individual accomplishments and financial independence.

Organizational Behavior Analysis

Military' and then answer the required questions based on that analysis. First the organizational behavior analysis must be understood so that It can serve as a planning tool for leadership and management. The organization behavior analysis basically shows how the people within the organization are working together within it. This can lay out whether the organization Is living up to its purpose, responsibility, expectations or mission. Since the U. S. Military is much more than a specific organization, this can be more than Just one's personal view and thus must e based on the ethics, rules and expectations of the leaders of the military.Type of Culture What type of culture is the U. S. Military made up of? The type of culture for and organization will fall into or even a possibility of a mixture of one of the different organizational culture types: 1. Pluralism- is when smaller groups within a larger society maintain their unique or specific cultural identities, and their values and practices are accepted by the wider culture of the organization, provided they are consistent with the laws and values of that organization (Pluralism, 2012). 2. Dualism – Is the system of two separate cultures, holding to their own beliefs and views with accord to the others.The Canadian society and constitution is considered dualism as it was settle by the French and the English and both are given equal Rights. 3. Salad Bowl – is a combination of many deferent cultures that are mixed together such as in a salad (e-notes, 2012). Even although these different cultures are thrown together they do not mix but stay separate within the culture of the whole organization. Based on the definitions of the different types of cultures, the culture within the U. S. Litany would have to be the â€Å"Salad Bowl† culture.Even although once you join the military and have the culture within as a soldier following the military set rules and ethics, you have many different cultu res. You have the different Latino groups within the military from the Puerco Ricans, the Mexicans, the Cubans and many more. Each stay within their own cultural groups off duty and even within these groups you have sub-groups of cultures such as the New York Puerco which consider themselves different from the northern Cubans within their own cultures. You have the â€Å"born and proud to be southern† culture, hard line religious ultras from Catholic to Muslim.There are the ones who consider themselves African American Blacks as well as Blacks who consider themselves African. All of these cultures are accepted within the military as long as no rights of other cultures are infringed or intimidated by your culture, and none of the activities based on your culture are illegal based on the laws of the military code of conduct. Communication One of the most important tools within the military is considered communication. This communication is both verbal and written but the emphas is is put on verbal for lily activities.All leaders are taught communication skills from the different Schools they must attend within their enlistment. But today due to the considered high stress of the military in combat situations and high rates of suicide and other personal incidents communication skills are pushed throughout the command (Analogy, 2011). The military prides itself on all types of communication. Awards, medals, citations, promotions many say are not what or how well you did it, but how well it was written about. But this communication is small in comparison to the daily verbal communication.From the start of any military career with the daily orders being shouted by the Drill Sergeant, to the open door policy of every unit commander, communication is expected and directed. This allows the leaders to know what soldiers are thinking, allows friends to let the leaders know when one of their own may have problems with any recourse, and as a whole as long as the line of communication is open information keeps from becoming a blocked problem. Authority The Authority in the military is simply based on position and rank. All enlisted are controlled by the higher enlisted soldiers.Soldiers of equal rank answer to that of the position, such as two sergeants may have the same rank, but the one with the position such as Squad Leader is the one in charge. One soldier may even outrank another on select mission such as A Master Sergeant (MUGS) may have to follow a Sergeant First Class (SEC) on a mission due to the SF being the Patrol Leader (PL) or Mission Commander (MAC). All enlisted fall under the officers and they are based again on rank and position as well. All military members then fall under the defense secretary and then the President of the United States (POTTS).It is always stated that no matter what the rank there is only 6 or less positions of command between the lowest enlisted soldier and the Commander In Chief, (POTTS). The rank in the mil itary is earned and awarded, there is no way to buy or start at higher ranks they must be earned with time, schooling and experience. Motivation As the military is an all-volunteer force since the end of the draft after the Vietnam War, the motivational requirements are not as hard as they were years ago. There are still times with specific individuals, but as a whole motivation is based on a few basic principles.First you do what you are ordered as it an order and punishable by the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCM) to not obey any â€Å"Lawful† order given by a superior officer or NCO. Lawful was stated as no unlawful orders must be obeyed or may be punished for ad's-obeying. As a fact, if an unlawful order is given and known to be unlawful, the person following it is as guilty as the one who orders it (LOC, Even with the laws being the number one motivation, other motivations are used such as time off. When a soldier does extra well on a Job many times a reward of a pa ss or liberty is given.Awards are given as motivation to distinguish those who do above the basic requirements. And of course promotion and pay, with rewards also come's promotions and with promotions come higher pay. This is this ultimate motivations and leads back to that of the UCM as well. For to not follow the rules, one can lose rank and pay, this is a big motivator within itself. Virtual Organization With the places the military is around the world, virtual elements are used constantly. POTTS, Commanders and other staff get to watch real mission being streamed in real world time, as that of the killing of BLOB.Meetings are held by units played at multiple locations hourly throughout the day. Many soldiers video chat to loved ones back home from some of the most perilous locations today through virtual means. Soldiers have watched their children born, graduate, play sports and all in real time through virtual means while deployed around the world. Years ago these actions from streaming, meetings and letters took days to weeks. But now from real times to only seconds of delay these actions are conducted by the U. S. Military and their personnel.Analysis Implementation Once leaders within the military understand the analysis and behavior of the Litany organization they can lay out plans. These plans are from the most basic to the most intrinsic mission plans. Housing soldiers is a common daily Job for leaders who receive new soldiers. As it is not a problem to understand to put men and women in separate quarters for basic reasons but how to bunk and room others can be a hassle. Even although they will do as told, how to make it better to keep moral? This will go first back to the different culture of individuals. Where are they from? Are they religious, and if so what religion?Are they a Gamer in today's society? These all gust be looked and when housing soldiers. Next, what motivates the individual, while stated, soldiers will follow orders how to get it done, and the quickest and best way must be looked at. If a person likes attention, then maybe a basic citation or formal acknowledgement in front of others at times may be their motivation. But others may not like the public view, maybe they want time off. Maybe they Just want personal acknowledgement in a monthly or quarterly review between them and you the boss only. Each person must be looked at based on the analysis conducted for this motivation.Will it be difficult to get the individuals to work together? With all the analysis, culturing, many times there are internal problems that make individuals not work together. This is where the communication portion of the organization comes in. Will the individuals tell you the leader why they can't? Will others tell on the two or three who may be causing the problem, but to fix the problem not to get into a he said she said argument breaking the group apart more? Only if communication was established and constantly ongoing can all of this and the above analysis be conducted to start. Organizational Behavior Analysis I will be talking about my current job as a Child Protective Investigator (CPI) also known as Child Protective Services (or CPS). This is the governmental agency that is tasked with investigating child abuse or neglect. The primary concern of a CPI is the safety of the child; they do this by assessing the risk involved. By weighing that risk the CPI has to make the decision rather to remove the children or child from the home or place services within the home that will allow them to function as a family in a more productive manner.Once the CPI has made the decision to remove the child or children, the next step in the process is find and create a plan that will eventually return the child to a more proficient and safer family environment. The CPI will assign the family to a caseworker who is tasked with developing a plan to administer to the parents that will educate them on better ways to care for the children and meet all their needs, and create and environment free from abuse or n eglect.CPI’s deal with a variety of families, with different backgrounds, values, religions, cultures and beliefs, which have a bearing on the way they parent; this means that CPS has be flexible and understanding when it comes to dealing with the problems they face within these family structures. The fact is that the American population is continually changing for many reasons such as; ethnically, culturally, racially, and linguistically based on the diverse populations that are a part of the US fabric.CPS organizations must create and implement a better and improving systemic change in order to understand and meet the needs of this diverse population of families. In this ever changing environment CPS must be even better prepared and become an even more effective communicator when it comes to helping and working with our families and providers. I have been working as a CPI for over 2 ? years and will share with you what I think this organization operates like and what makes it tick.I will evaluate the Organizational Behavior of Child Protective Services and explain the weakness or strengths I have faced since being a part of this organization. First what is Organizational Behavior? It is defined as the study and employment of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. Organizational behavior is not the evaluation of how the organization will behave, but rather the evaluation of the people or individuals behavior within the organizational setting. They study the behavior of the individuals as well as group settings.The study and purpose of organizational behavior is for the leaders to gain a better understanding of those things that may change, interrupt or influence individual and sectional dynamics within a company setting so that the organization can become a more effective and proficient business. A large part of organizational behavior is researching and evaluating as to provide leaders with the needed resources, info rmation and tools they will have to have in order to successfully train, select and retain personal in a manner that would benefit both the personal and the organization.Organizational culture is driven by â€Å"competition and a strong desire to deliver results and accomplish goals†. (Kinicki. and Kreitner 2009, pg. 43). I believe that based on the child Protective services (CPS) organizational culture the concept used is the ‘salad bowl’ because of the diversity within the organization. I say this because many of the CPI’s and workers are of different races, cultures, ages, sexual orientation, gender, ethnicity and physical ability. I believe that this diverse culture is very good for this organization it provides a very positive environment which translates into positive productivity.CPI’s use multiple types of strategies and steps to ensure good production and good service. Such as reading the families background if they had a prior case as many of them do and checking law enforcement reports to see what are the families issues, culture and background prior to going out on the case which will give the CPI a better insight on the type of family and the concerns they are facing. I believe the culture of CPS as an organization is evident by the values, norms, organizational beliefs, goals and many other primary factors. This also relates to all internal interactions and any informal and formal implementation.In CPS there is a strong mutual respect for each other and the CPI’s are supported, encouraged allowed to do what they think is needed to meet the family and organizational goals and to continue to develop and hone their skills in the field. Because CPI’s work primarily alone in the field, they are entrusted with decision-making and execution in the absence of their leaders. Many times the CPI will have to attack a problem and make a decision on the spot and may not be able to get into contact with the super visor therefore leaders must have the type of people they can trust and rely on to make the best decision without guidance.In CPS you can see that the organizations culture is evident in their goals, mission statement, integrity, standards, values, and ethics. The mission statement of CPS is to provide proficient, caring and productive services to the protection of children and their families; to seek the improvement and protection of abused children and to seek reunification for the families and provide family the education tools required for the child to remain in the home; and to meet and exceed the needs of the families using innovative and unique products, resources and services.To create and provide an equal, balanced and great place for the CPIs to work and excel. Because of the different cultures and people CPI’s face in this business there are multiple types of communication used and embraced by CPS. CPS uses a variety of both verbal and written communication as form s of disseminating information throughout CPS. The type of communication that is used is dependent upon the importance of information and how quickly it needs to be provided. Some of these communication devices are: emails, brochures, company websites, meetings, notice boards, letters, telephone, and texting.What the CPS tries to do is to ensure that the communication is always open and that it represents and displays the culture of CPS. Communication devices play a major role in CPS, because many of the families we come into contact with have disabilities which may require a different type of communication, such as sign language interpreters, virtual websites may have to be used because the interpreter may be in another state, like interpreters for people that speak different languages and so on.It is vital to be able to communicate the message you are trying to convey to these families in a manner they can relate to, because bad communication can be destructive to the fabric of th is family and there well-being. CPS believes that the key to the success of this organization is to ensure effective leadership and that the leaders have strong leadership, communication, management, and people skills, as well as be compassionate and caring when it comes to child protection.In CPS, the leadership hierarchical of authority flows from the upper management down to the CPI’s and their supervisors. But this process of leadership is of a democratic type leadership because CPI’s and workers have the chance to voice their concerns and participate in decisions making that will affect the organization. But if conflict arises the final decision is made by the supervisors and higher.The higher hierarchical do make the decision on policies and procedures but will usually have meeting and conferences asking the opinions and concerns about upcoming changes, if it is something that is coming down the pipeline that is more of a directive they will try to give the organ ization the time and information needed to prepare for this change in policy or procedures. Leadership tries to work with CPI’s and try and understand what their concerns are as they are the ones dealing with the everyday changes within the community and families on a day to day basis.It is not just important for the leaders to be in touch with their CPI’s, but to be able to relate to the issues and concerns they have about what they are seeing in the field. If a leader shows the compassion, understanding and empathy to what their CPI’s is going through, they will without a doubt gain their loyalty and trust. If CPI’s feel they cannot trust their supervisors they have an open door policy for CPI’s to come in and voice their concerns without reprisal. CPS has a code of conduct which applies to all members of the organization and is enforced if abused.These Codes of Conduct embodies all the ethical policies and procedures to be followed. This code of conduct makes CPIs and other workers of CPS feel they have a voice and make them feel empowered and not afraid to attack a situation or problem. CPS also has a Whistle blowers protection policies implemented within this organization. I think this policy creates trust within the organization and its leadership, and CPI’s feel that they are an asset to the company and are valued.When it comes to motivation how to motivate people varies from person to person; but it is vital to the success of a company that the leaders have the ability to motivate their CPIs and workers in order to be successful and more productive. The best way for leaders to do this is to know their people and what makes them tick. Because I may be motivated by time off and another person may be motivated by money. In CPS motivation is needed and imperative for CPI’s to go out day in and day out and be productive when facing such grim situations.For instance I remember a week where I was being overwhel med with cases, working late hours every day, and I ran into a case where a 6 year old girl was being molested by the step-father and the uncle and the mother was aware of it. This case really drained me and it took everything I had as a man and a person to get up the next day and go back out to do this job. I remember my supervisor called me into the office and said â€Å"I can see this week has been hard on you; take the day off and go home and be with your family, I got your cases for the day†.This meant a lot to me and it was the motivation I needed to get through another day when I returned, it was the time off I needed and my supervisor showed me he understood and cared for what I was going through. From that day on there was nothing he could ask me I would not do, he earned my respect and loyalty. This is part of the culture that is CPS, CPI’s are given their assignments and goals and what are expected of them and if needed, to work as groups. CPI’s are g iven continuous training to improve their knowledge and skills.CPS tries and implements incentives and rewards, promotions are available if you are productive and efficient in your job performance. CPI’s are given Pay raises, time off and other incentives as a form to motivate them. CPI privacy is safeguarded through the CPS compliance officer; this is an important factor to CPI’s as they deal with sensitive situations. CPI’s has the responsibility of making critical decisions when it comes to child protection. What this means is CPI’s has to have strong decision making skills, this is accomplished by them knowing and understanding their emotional quotient.CPS encourages the CPI’s to seek this both personally and professionally by using classes provided on the website, through seminars, sessions and provided guest speakers. When CPI’s and workers are aware and in control of their feelings and emotions it resonates throughout the organization and they are much more productive and confident. It is important that CPI’s have the ability to excess their interpersonal and intrapersonal emotions to help them to become a more well-rounded CPI within their jobs.They can do this by being more self-aware, self-regulated, self- motivated, having stronger social skills and being empathetic towards the cases and families that encounter. CPS provides CPI’s with emotional training workshops and training coaches to help them become more proficient and productive. For instance I remember when I first got this job, when I received the report on the family and looked at what some of the prior reports were I found myself forming opinions about the family before I ever met them or conducted the investigation into the allegations.My supervisor taught me that it is important to keep your personal feeling out of the process and find the truth and only deal with the truth. Because people change over time and allegations are just t hat allegations until they are proven otherwise. This is the best advice I got when it came to this job and the knowledge I needed to be a more productive investigator. CPS is not a virtual organization but does use virtual organizational elements to enhance the technical experience needed to keep up in this fast pace and growing organization.We are a very large organization and are spreaded out through several regions, not only are we as child protective investigators spread thin; we are in contact and have to use many other resources and organizations that help us provide services to our clients and families. These other entities and organizations include , medical personal, Psychologist and other mental personal and agencies, law enforcement, counselors, schools, lawyers and non-profit agencies to name a few. So when we have what we call a staffing which involves many of these different people and organizations, they are spread out all over the city and state.So this can be very difficult to get them all in one place based on each individual busy schedule. This is where the virtual elements came in as a manner in which to provide a tool that allows us to all be in different places and still be able to come together and address an issue. We are able to do this through virtual elements like; virtual meetings, classes, teleconferences, virtual speaker conferences, etc†¦ to be able to reach and communicate with other CPS personal and offices around the country and state.By using virtual elements it saves time, resources and money and we can effectively reach our goals and get out our message to a large audience with little complication. In conclusion, I think it is imperative that an organization should continuously evaluate their organizational behavior as a manner of determining how effective their process and business policies and procedures are doing. You must try and understand what are the strengths and weaknesses of your organizations performance an d what is needed to fix it so your organization can move forward in a positive and successful manner.CPS is an organization that cannot afford to fall behind or lack in any form of technical, environmental or any other change as it relates to the services they provide to families. CPS has a very important job and it requires us to be proficient, up to date and fully trained so we can ensure that nothing but the best service is being provided to children who are being abused and families that require assistance. I believe this is the kind of job that requires people that care, are empathetic, and have a burning need to help others because we cannot afford to drop the ball when it comes to children safety.

Da Vinci Surgical System Essay Example

Da Vinci Surgical System Essay Example Da Vinci Surgical System Essay Da Vinci Surgical System Essay The Da Vinci Surgical System is a large purpose-built robot controlled by a surgeon that performs minimally invasive surgical procedures on patients. The system incorporates an ergonomically designed surgeons console, a patient-side module with four interactive robotic arms, each with interchangeable surgical instruments and a 3-dimensional endoscopic vision system. Powered by high-tech supercomputers, the surgeons hand movements are scaled, filtered and then converted into precise movements of the surgical attachments. The designers of the system are a team of doctors, engineers and biomedical engineers at a company called Intuitive Surgical. The motivation that these designers had was to develop a surgical technique that would be minimally traumatic for patients and one that would speed up recovery time. Figure 1: The Da Vinci Surgical System showing the surgeons console and the patient-side module. The Industry The Da Vinci robot is part of the Biomedical Engineering industry. The industry is concerned with the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical field. It combines expertise from medical and engineering disciplines to improve healthcare systems. The industry is very innovative and most universities now offer training in biomedical engineering. This is because it has always been a highly specialised field and required a designer to have both medical and engineering training and experience. Research and development is a very important aspect of this industry and it is very draining on a companys funds. Great emphasis is also placed on product placement and marketing. Though these products are usually marketed towards industry professionals such as doctors and hospital management. The physical location and layout of the enterprise The company is located in the U. S. A in California. Figure 2: The company headquarters Nature of the innovation As mentioned before the Da Vinci robot consists of two parts, the surgeons console and a patient-side operating module. Surgeon Console: During an operation the surgeon is seated comfortably at the console while viewing a 3-d image and controlling the robot. Image System This imaging system allows the surgeon to see an enhanced 3-dimensional view of the operative field and it provides direct eye-hand-instrument alignment and natural depth perception. This is possible through the use of a dual lens endoscope with two high-resolution cameras. Figure 2: The Endoscope with two cameras and a specialised light The image is fed through two independent vision channels that then run through an image processing stabilising computer system. The computer reduces the noise of the image and enhances the edges of the objects seen. The surgeon can also control the movement and zoom of the endoscope camera through hand controls and foot pedals. The resultant image is then projected on a high-resolution 3-D monitor. Figure 3: The 3-D image monitor Control System The surgeons fingers crasp onto a joystick-like perpheril instrument which then controls the precise movements of the robotic arms. The device also gives the surgeon a sense of touch by giving feedback as to how hard or how soft the tissue is inside the patient. Figure 4: Control device. The computer system translates the surgeons hand, wrist and finger movements into precise, real-time movements of surgical instruments inside the patient. Patient-side operating module Operation System The part of the robot that actually performs the operation consists of either three or four robotic arms. It can be configured to have two or three instrument arms and one endoscope arm. Figure 5: The operating module with three operating arms and one endoscope (2nd from the left) These robotic arms are inserted into the patients body through small incisions of 1-2cm long. This is the main advantage of the Da Vinci robot. It is the ability to perform major surgery on a patient without large incisions. The benefits of this are:  ·Shorter hospital stay  ·Less pain and scarring  ·Less risk of infection  ·Less blood loss and fewer transfusions  ·Faster recovery  ·Quicker return to normal activities Surgical attachment system The company has developed a wide range of attachments that can be paced on each of the robotic arms. These are very similar to the normal instruments that a surgeon would use, such as clamps and scalpels. Intuitive surgical has named these attachments Endowrist instruments. Figure 6: An Endowrist attachment known as the cobra grasper. It is used to secure dense tissue structures such as tumours. Figure 7: Curved Endowrist scissors All the instruments are designed with seven degrees of motion that mimic the dexterity of the human hand and wrist. Also, Each instrument has a specific surgical function such as clamping, stitching and tissue cutting. Quick-release levers speed instrument changes during operations. In summary, the Da Vinci Robot system provides a surgeon with a great deal of control, range of motion, fine tissue handling capability and a 3-D viewing system. It also allows the doctor to work through tiny incisions that is characteristic of minimally invasive surgery. The Use of Technology The use of technology in this particular innovation is extensive. Several different types of technologies are incorporated into one system to operate effectively. Electronics Electronics and Microelectronics are an integral part of the system. Through computers this technology controls the whole system and maintains the safety and efficiency of the device. Software Intuitive Surgical used CAD computer programs to design their product. They also used other software to test the product. For example the company used software that simulated a power surge or loss of power. The robot was designed to shut down and stop immediately after any such outside interference, as any damage to the onboard electronics could have devastating effects for the patient. Intuitive surgical employed the software company Novell to develop the programs that would control the robot. Robotics Robotic technology is also a very important part of the overall technological make-up of the system. Intuitive Surgical opted for existing robotic technology rather than using emerging technologies. The Da Vinci robotic system is almost identical to the system used in the manufacture of cars. The company chose to do this as they where looking for a reliable technology that could be adapted into a medical device. However, major alterations where made to the existing system to improve accuracy of movement, scaling down of movement and safety. Mechanics Mechanics was used in the development of the patient-side module and the Endowrist devices. Mechanics was incorporated with the robotic and hydraulic aspects of the machine in order to get the most precise movements out of the instruments. Biomedical technology Biomedical technology is essential in ensuring that the device is suitable and safe to use as a medical machine. The robot must be adapted so that it is appropriate for use in a medical scenario. Marketing and promotional strategies This particular innovation is not suitable for mass marketing to the general public. Rather the company markets its product to a number of key potential buyers: Surgeons. The company approaches senior surgeons at larger hospitals with big spending budgets and introduces them to the new technology. They then show the range of benefits for the patient of and even offer a training course for the doctors, showing them how to use the machine. The company hopes that the surgeons then go to the hospital management on their behalf and lobby to try and acquire the machine. Hospital management The company markets the product to hospital management on the basis that it will save them money. Although the initial investment is large, in the long-term it will save money. This because the robot greatly decreases the hospital stay of the patient and it also reduces the amount of pain management drugs needed. Government The company, although less frequently, also markets the robot to governments. They outline the patient benefits and the financial benefits. The purpose of this is to place more of these devices in public hospitals that would greatly increase the sales of the product. This is because it is currently mostly used in private hospitals. Quality Control In the medical industry quality control is very important, this because if a device is faulty it may lead to serious injury or death. The Da Vinci System is no exception to this. Quality control is extremely important for Intuitive Surgical and they have realised the need for highly effective quality control program. The company only manufactures a limited number of units per year as they use an extremely wide range of resources to ensure the quality of the product. The company employs the best industry professionals, use sate-of-the-art computer systems, use failsafe-manufacturing techniques and does rigorous testing on every unit before it is sold. The company does not outsource any part of the manufacturing process; all assembly is done at the company headquarters in California. The company also responds very quickly to any problems that may occur after the product has been sold. The company uses a system over the Internet that allows a surgeon and an Intuitive Surgical engineer to be in contact at any time if any problems arise with the robot. If the problem persists the company either sends an engineer to fix the problem or the whole system is taken back to the company headquarters for repair. Research and Development Research and development is a very important aspect of any emerging technology or innovation. Concerning the Da Vinci robot extensive research would have been undertaken into the nature of large operations, different robotic systems and different control systems. These results would then been amalgamated and the development process would then begin. Continual assessment of the development process is essential. If the current development strategies are unsuccessful, new research would be undertaken to identify problems and try to minimise them. RD is essential in ensuring the success of an innovation. With a strong RD program products are more likely to be introduced as a market-leading product, as a successful product and as a profitable product. What is Robotic Surgery? Robotic Surgery is an emerging technology that utilizes purpose-built robots to perform surgical procedures on patients. At present these robots are not autonomous, they are controlled by a surgeon at all times. Thesuarus Wiki Intuitive surgical Howstuffworks amdocs. com/successstories. asp? CustomerID=76SID=603.

An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay

An Examining Of The Great Commission Religion Essay â€Å"God authorized and commanded me to commission you: Go out and train everyone you meet, far and near, in this way of life, marking them by baptism in the threefold name: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Then instruct them in the practice of all I have commanded you. I’ll be with you as you do this, day after day, right up to the end of the age.† (Matt 28:18-20 The Message) â€Å"18 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. 19 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:   20Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world. Amen. â€Å"(Matt 28:18-20 KJV) Introduction The Gospel of Matthew ends Jesus meeting with His apostles in Galilee. This was a special meeting and would change the course of world history in many ways. The meeting was foretold by Jesus in Matthew 26:31-32 : â€Å"31 Then Jesus said to them, â€Å"You will all fall away because of me this night. For it is written, ‘I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered.’ 32 But after I am raised up, hI will go before you to Galilee.† This meeting was announced both by an angel (Matt 28:78) and Jesus Himself (Matt28:10). It was a meeting filled with mixed emotions. Some had run away and others had denied Him before His death. Now He stood before them, alive. Their reaction was to bow down in worship (Matt 28:16-17) I was a meeting in which Jesus gave His disciples a command that we now refer to a the great commission. Someone once said that this was seen by many Christians as the great suggestion, but it is a command that lies at the heart of the Church and from which she operates. The command ends with the beautiful promise that He would always be with them. This is not something to be ignored, but to be a constant part of the C hurch’s functioning as well as that of every believer. I will be looking at what makes this commission so GREAT. I Great in its Authority To Jesus was given all authority. As the creator, He is the One who has the original right to do all things: â€Å"For by1 him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities-all things were created through him and for him. And is before all things, and in him all things hold together.† (Colossians 1:16-1) What higher authority than the creator Himself to issue such a command. As our Redeemer, this authority is even more pronounced: â€Å"who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has hig hly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.†(Philippians2:6-11)

How do you Evaluate the Role of the Communist Party among California Essay

How do you Evaluate the Role of the Communist Party among California Farmworkers - Essay Example Before the intervention of the communists, the Mexican farm workers staged a short-lived cantaloupe strike in 19281 in the Imperial Valley that showed that the workers were incapable of bridging the ethnic divide that existed amongst them and of organizing their ranks. Later on, when the Lettuce farm workers rose up demanding better wages, the Communist Party of United States, propelled by the wave of communism spreading half the world away in Russia, sent its workers to help the protesting farm workers in 1929. The Communist Party formed the Traders Union Unity League (TUUL). According to Daniel E. Cletus, who chronicled the role of the communists in the strikes of 1930s, the involvement of the communists in the lettuce strike of 1930 ‘marked the beginning of a new period of conflict in agricultural labor relations in California’2. Though the communists were at this point spurred more by opportunism than any genuine concern for the welfare of the workers, and the strike itself deteriorated due to the arrest of the communists and the harsh repression tactics employed by authorities, the strike was the first of many, more effective strikes involving communists to come later on. About forty agricultural strikes took place between the years 1930 to 19323, before the TUUL gave way to the Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union (CAWIU), also organized by the Communist Party. The CAWIU sought to organize workers in canneries for mass picketing, but after several arrests of the strikers, the employers’ determination to quell the protests won through and the modest demands of the workers failed to get a hearing. The failure of the CAWIU in organizing an effective campaign disillusioned the workers and many of them returned to work. It is worthy to note, however, that the CAWIU began to provide experienced leaders to the workers who would organize the undisciplined masses in to a much more synchronized entity that would later achieve much m ore victories than defeats. Before the peach strike of 1933 began, the Dust Bowl Immigrants ensured that a surplus of labor, in addition to the Mexican and Filipino workers already present, existed at all times. The wages were shamefully minimal, and the lack of jobs ensured that regardless of how unsatisfied the workers were, they could not leave their jobs. The discontent produced what Kushner describes as one of the two ‘important CAWIU-led strikes in August 1933 also helped set the stage for the cotton strike’4. The peach strike was one of the first victories of the union, having won 25 and 27 ? cents per hour after four days of protesting. The extent of the involvement of the American communists in the strikes of the Californian Farm Workers became obvious when the Cotton Strike broke out. The Cotton Strike is unarguably the most significant of the 1930s’ agricultural strikes, and was also the most violent and lasted longer than the other strikes. The commun ists had by then learned many bitter lessons, and were realizing the futility of trying to direct unplanned, volatile protests that kept breaking out. The success of the Peach Strike had taught them the importance of organization. Another notable feature of the protests organized by the CAWIU was that they were devoid of any violence, and hence, impelled

Servant leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Servant leadership - Research Paper Example At the organizational level, leadership remains core. Depending on the nature and effectiveness of the leadership employed in an organization, the organization might succeed and experience increased productivity, or it might experience adverse effects. This is mainly because, in an organization, leadership has an impact on employees, and other vital functions that determine the productivity level of the organization. This paper discusses leadership in an organization, mainly basing on the model of servant leadership that was advanced by Greenleaf H., and special attention is drawn to the not for profits organizations. All organizations must have a form of leadership; however, leadership varies depending on the type of organization. Therefore, there is a difference in the way leadership is practised in not for profit organizations and those organizations in the public sector. According to Erickson (2007) research on leadership in not for profit organizations is scarce, as more research efforts are aimed at the organizations in the public sector. Therefore, by focusing more on leadership in not for profit organizations, this paper will make important contribution to the knowledge on this topic. According to Eisenhower Dwight, â€Å"Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it† (Hughes et al, 2006, p. 405). This shows that for one to be a leader, he or she must have some kind of an influence on the followers. It can also be concluded from this definition that in order for a leader to ensure the success of their organization, he or she must create commitment among the followers, who are employees, and also ensure that the employees are willing to work towards improvement in different aspects of the organization. The past decades have seen great change in the social, economic, and political aspects in

Critically discuss issues with determining recommendations for vitamin Essay

Critically discuss issues with determining recommendations for vitamin D intake - Essay Example The proceeding process is their hydroxylation to form 25-hydroxyvitamin. The total of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 together with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in serum is used as an indicator of vitamin D nutritional status. Studies indicate that this level increases following exposure to sunlight, or dietary intake of vitamin D (Rajakumar et al., 2014). 25-hydroxyvitamin D is hydroxylated to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) in the kidney, a reaction catalyzed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase. Regulation of this reaction is by serum phosphorus, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production has also been demonstrated in the skin, parathyroid gland, breast, colon, prostate, and immune system and bone cells. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D then binds to a receptor of vitamin D in the nucleus of a cell and recruits retinoic acid X receptor. This VDR/RXR complex binds small sequences of DNA called vitamin D response elements (VDREs) (Battault et al., 2013). It then initiates a cascade of molecular interactions that modulate the transcription of specific genes. Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus homeostasis that are necessary for the maintenance of bone mineralization (Vieth, 2012). In the endocrine system Vitamin D regulates insulin secretion. Investigation shows that it is a potent immune system modulator. It also exhibits effects in the cardiovascular system regulating blood pressure. Severe vitamin D deficiency results in a condition known as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults since it is important for development and maintenance of the bone structure (Persson et al., 2013). Osteoporosis has been linked to secondary hyperthyroidism caused by vitamin D deficiency. Increased PTH secretion by the parathyroid glands result in increased bone resorption increasing the bone breakdown and precipitate osteoporosis. Cancer,

Impact of Inter-generational Relationships on Older Adults

Impact of Inter-generational Relationships on Older Adults Shum Wai Ki (Frank) How do Intergenerational Relationships Affect Older Adults and their Family Relationships? Intergenerational relationships have become an important topic in the fields of studying sociology and gerontology. In modern society, there are a variety of issues around older adults and their family relationships, and the intergenerational relationships have appeared to become the most significant one, due to the fact that older adults are receiving support and caregiving primarily from their adult children (Xu and Chi, 2010, p.49). Harmonious intergenerational relationships with family members are essential for seniors to achieve positive emotional outcomes in later life; on the other hand, broken intergenerational relationships are pernicious to older adults and would negatively affect their quality of life (Jeste, Depp Vahia, 2010, p. 78). Intergenerational relationships have been defined as the relationships that involving people in typically one or two generations (Birditt et al. 2012, p. 627). In many cases, intergenerational relationships can also refer as parent-child rel ationships between older parents and adult children. In fact, many seniors believe that parent-child relationships are their most valuable relationship, as well as a key factor for them to maintain the good quality of life (Shapiro, 2004 p. 127). Therefore, this paper will investigate the question, how does intergenerational relationship affect older adults and their family relationships?, and the thesis will be: successful intergenerational relationships are important to maintain older adults quality of life, as well as tightening their relations with their family members; and vice visa. First of all, intergenerational relationships have been categorized as a major component of the life course, especially in the later life. Shapiro (2004, p. 127) identify that intergenerational relationships can be measured by intergenerational solidary. Thijseen (2016, p. 593) has given two definitions of intergenerational solidarity: first, it is the ratio of practical multigenerational support; second, it is the norm and believe that generations think they should behave. Since the solidarity is an awareness that refers to the ideas and behaviors among different generations, it is subjective and related to individual opinions. Therefore, because of the different life experiences and generational status, it is obvious that the assumptions of the solidarity are various between younger generations and older generations. In fact, Shapiro (2004, p. 129) finds that older generations have a greater chance to identify themselves as having a greater closeness to their children, and younger generations would have a higher chance to report themselves as not to close to their parents. According to Xu and Chi (2010, p. 54), older adults who participate in their research have reported that intergenerational support is significant to them in many ways, such as financial support, instrumental support, and the feelings of being love and care. This implicates that intergenerational relationships could have impacts on seniors health and it is an essential element for seniors to maintain the good quality of life. However, many older adults report that they perceive and evaluate intergenerational relationships differently with their children. With reference to Chappell et al. (2007, p. 286), these differences can be explained by the concept of the intergenerational stake, which is the assumption that illustrating the differences of developmental needs between the two generations. Older parents are tended to invest more time, emotion, and resources on their adult children; adult children, on the contrary, are tended to emphasise the differences with their parents and requir e more independent from them. Therefore, older adults would contribute more and have a relatively positive rate on intergenerational relationships, but their children might have an opposite thought: they would have a weaker sense of closeness than their parents (Birditt et al., 2012, p.628). Shapiro (2004) conduct a research on the quality of the parent-child relationship by using the data from the National Survey of Families in 1996. The result finds that older adults generally have a higher chance to overreporting intergenerational solidarity than their children. For instance, only 6.4% of seniors report their children have frequently visited them, while 69.7% of adult children report they do well on visiting their parents. At the same time, 59.4% of seniors report they have a good quality of relationships with their children, while only 13.7% of adult children share the same thought (Shapiro, 2004, p. 137). Moreover, older adults would tend to have lower negative quality relation ships than their adult children, due to the fact that they believe they are not allowed to express negative feelings to their family members, but this belief does not appear in the younger generations (Birditt et al., 2012, p. 635). Besides, intergenerational solidarity can be affected by the living arrangement, as well as how much caregiving provided by their adult children. With reference to Chappell et al. (2007, p. 281), over 70% of seniors in Canada are living alone or with spouse, while only approximately 14% of them are living with their children. This implicates that the majority of seniors are distanced with their children and grandchildren. According to Stuifbergen, Delden and Dykstra (2008, p. 420), the term geographical distance between the parent and children can be defined as the measurement of the households distance between older adults and their children. In the Netherlands, the mean geographical distance between the parent and children is 31.28 km. The authors argue the distance is long and the geographical separation has created difficulties for adult children to provide caregiving to their parents, including unable to react when there are emergency accidents, unable to frequently visit their older parents, and communicate only through phone and letters. Sokolec (2016, p. 168) brings another point that there is an increasing demand for caregiving to older adults in recent years. She reports that the increasing older adult clients are because their family members are unable to take care of them. Therefore, many seniors have no choice but to unwillingly move from their own home to nursing home. Data from Statistic Canada also shows that the percentage of older adults who live in health-care institution have rapidly increased from less than 2% to around 10% in 2004 (Chappell et al., 2007, p. 281). Furthermore, cultural difference could affect intergenerational solidary. Cultural difference has been characterized as an important factor for intergenerational solidarity, especially among immigration families. Warburton and McLaughlin (2006, p. 48) uses an example of older adults in Australia, in which 32% of older Australian are either born overseas or from non-English speaking countries. Seniors who follow their adult children to move to a new country might experience cultural and language barriers. Furthermore, when they have grandchildren, they will also face problems of culturally and linguistically diverse with them. These problems include: unable to communicate through same language, cross-cultural ideological differences, cultural shock, and so on (Warburton and McLaughlin, 2006, p.55). For seniors, since they are born and raised overseas, they will have a higher chance of keeping their original cultural practices, which make them closely connect to their ethnic group but diverse from the dominant culture; on the other hand, for their children and grandchildren, they are more likely to assimilate and integrate with the dominant society and disconnect with their original ethnicity (Esser, 2004, p. 1130). Therefore, these differences create distance between seniors and their offspring, and their offspring might avoid close relationships with them (Klever, 2015, p. 348). Moreover, older adults play an important role in cultural maintenance, since the majority of them feel responsible for passing down cultural knowledge to their next generations (Warburton and McLaughlin, 2006, p.52). However, Shapiro (2004, p. 131) argue that children might refuse to practice cultural norms because they do not regard them as the filial obligation. For instance, if a households language is different from the mainstream language, the young generations might possibly refuse to learn that particular language. As a result, it might be hard to keep that language alive. This w ould intense the intergenerational differences because older adults tend to highly value their culture. When they cannot pass down cultural knowledge to their offspring, and their next generations do not acknowledge the culture, they might feel distressed and guilty for not fulfilling the responsibility to passing on their culture. Last but not least, since many seniors are not living with their adult children, and they are experiencing cultural differences with their next generations, these issues might lead them into emotional cutoff among the multigenerational family. With reference to Klever (2015, p. 341), the emotional cutoff has brought up three disadvantages to older adults. First, the emotional cutoff will isolate older adults from the instrumental and emotional of family support. In other words, older adults might have feelings of isolated and uninvolved from their family members. Second, emotional cutoff could cost younger generations having a lack of knowledge about their family backgrounds and cultures. With reference to Warburton and McLaughlin (2006, p. 50), older adults are viewed as repositories of traditions and knowledgeable to culture. However, the emotional cutoff has limited the effectiveness of passing down cultural knowledge, because of the lack of interaction between grandparents and gr andchildren. Third, it is harder for harder for seniors to develop emotional contact to next generations. Holton et al. (2008, p. 119) mention that wisdom comes with age because older adults have rich prior experiences and more capable of managing their emotions when compared to younger generations. Their wisdom, as well as their pieces of advice, are undoubtedly valuable to their offspring. However, these kinds of connections are harder to build, because of the emotional cutoff. In conclusion, successful intergenerational relationships can help older adults maintain the good quality of life and have positive connections with their family members. On the contrary, unsuccessful intergenerational relationships can bring harm to older adults, both psychologically and physically. Without a doubt, intergenerational relationships are having huge impacts on the later life of older adults. They are complicated, interconnected and are affected by cultural norms, individual experiences, and social structure. Intergenerational differences are subjective and originated from ideological and cultural differences among older parents and their adult children. To achieve intergenerational solidarity, Stolee et al. (2014, p. 712) suggest that continuously sharing opinions with family members is important for later life care planning. Also, seniors can make the important decision, such as living arrangement, together with family members, so that they can enhance their relations hips with each other. There are several limitations that path the way for future research. For instance, some issues could have significant impacts on intergenerational relationships but do not cover on this paper, including changing the role of women, changing family structure, remarriage and widowed, psychological problems and so on. Future research is suggested to continuously explore these unknown fields. Reference Birditt, K. S., Tighe, L. A., Fingerman, K. L., Zarit, S. H. (2012). Intergenerational  Relationship Quality Across Three Generations. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences,67(5), 627-638. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbs050 Chappell, N., McDonald, L. Stone, M. (2007). Aging in Contemporary Canada. 2nd  Ed. Prentice Hall, Toronto. Esser, H. (2006). Does the New Immigration Require a New Theory of  Intergenerational Integration?1. International Migration Review,38(3), 1126-1159. doi:10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00231.x Holton, E. F., Swanson, R. A., Naquin, S. S. (2008). Andragogy in Practice: Clarifying  the Andragogical Model of Adult Learning. Performance Improvement  Quarterly,14(1), 118-143. doi:10.1111/j.1937-8327.2001.tb00204.x Jeste, D. V., Depp, C. A., Vahia, I. V. (2010). Successful cognitive and emotional  aging. World Psychiatry,9(2), 78-84. doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00277.x Klever, P. (2015). Multigenerational Relationships and Nuclear Family  Functioning. The American Journal of Family Therapy,43(4), 339-351.doi:10.1080/01926187.2015.1051898 Shapiro, A. (2004). Revisiting the Generation Gap: Exploring the Relationships of  Parent/Adult-Child Dyads. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development,58(2), 127-146. doi:10.2190/evfk-7f2x-kqnv-dh58 Sokolec, J. (2015). The Meaning of Place to Older Adults. Clinical Social Work  Journal,44(2), 160-169. doi:10.1007/s10615-015-0545-2 Stolee, P., Zaza, C., Sharratt, M. T. (2014). Later Life Care Planning Conversations for  Older Adults and Families. Journal of Applied Gerontology,33(6), 710-736. doi:10.1177/0733464813500712 Stuifbergen, M. C., Delden, J. J., Dykstra, P. A. (2008). The implications of todays  family structures for support giving to older parents. Ageing and Society,28(03), 413-434. doi:10.1017/s0144686x07006666 Thijssen, P. (2016). Intergenerational solidarity: the paradox of reciprocity imbalance  in ageing welfare states. The British Journal of Sociology,67(4), 592-612. doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12221 Warburton, J., Mclaughlin, D. (2006). Passing on Our Culture: How Older  Australians from Diverse Cultural Backgrounds Contribute to Civil Society. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology,22(1), 47-60. doi:10.1007/s10823-006-9012-4 Xu, L., Chi, I. (2010). Intergenerational Support and Self-rated Health among  Chinese Older Adults in One-child Families: Urban and Rural Differences. International Consortium for Social Development,1(32), 48-61.